Analyze the future challenges and opportunities for GIS in the context of smart cities. [5]
Compare cylindrical, conical and azimuthal map projections. Which one is best suited for global mapping and why? [3+2]
Define a map and explain its essential characteristics. How do maps differ from other forms of spatial representation? [2+3]
Discuss the advantages and limitations of using GPS, remote sensing and surveying as GIS data sources. [5]
Describe the process of network analysis in GIS. Provide an example of its use in transportation logistics. [5]
Define GIS database design and explain how Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used in terrain analysis. [2+3]
Write short note on (Any Two): [2.5+2.5]
a) Components of GIS
b) TIN data structures
c) Recent trends in GIS
Attempt any TWO questions
[2x10=20]Describe the process of GIS data modeling. Why it is important for spatial analysis? [5+5]
Describe raster-based analysis in GIS. Explain how it differs from vector-based analysis. [5+5]
Explain surface modeling in GIS. Discuss its role in environmental analysis. [5+5]



