Define accounting and discuss any three functions of accounting.
Discuss about accounting process cycle.
On 1st October 2018 a company purchased a machine at Rs.4,50,000. On 1st January 2020 the company purchased second Machinery at Rs.3,50,000.
On 1st July 2021 the company has found first machine out of order and sold it at Rs.2,50,000. The company applied diminishing method of depreciation @ 10 percent per year.
The company closed the book of account 31st December each year.
Required: Machinery Account 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021.
The following information of a Cloth Merchant has been provided to you.
- Magh 1st Sold to Sagar Store, Simle
15 pieces Coat @ Rs.7000 each
10 pieces shirt @ Rs. 2,000 each (Trade discount 10 percent) - 12 Magh sold to Ganesh Store Mal-chu
200 pieces T shirt @ Rs.2000 each trade discount 20 percent discount 20 percent
100 pieces ladies ware @ Rs.1000 each - 20 Magh sold by Kedar Adhighat
150 pieces coat @ Rs.5000 each on cash
10 pieces ladies Kurtha @ Rs.1000 each on cash
On 31 July 2020 the pass book of the firm showed credit balance of Rs. 17,000. The following transactions were found disagree with cash book
- A cheque of Rs. 4,000 issued for payment but not presented at bank
- A debtor directly deposited Rs. 5,000 at bank but not recorded in cash book.
- Dividend from Everest Bank deposited in bank Rs. 4000 but not recorded in cash book.
- The bank has directly paid Rs.5000 bank interest but not recorded in cash book.
- The credit side of pass book has found under cast by Rs.2000.
The following are the store transactions of a manufacturer for the month of Ashadh, 2079.
- Ashadh, 1 Opening stock 2000 units @Rs.50 each
- Ashadh, 4 purchased 4000 units @ Rs.60
- Ashadh, 7 issued 3000 units
- Ashadh, 12 purchased 1000 units @ Rs.70 each
- Ashadh, 16 Returned to store 500 units (Issued out of opening stock)
- Ashadh, 20 Purchased 2000 units @ Rs.80 each
- Ashadh, 25 Issued 4000 units
- Ashadh 28 Store surpluses 200 units
- Ashadh 30 issued 1000 units
A company issued 50,000 share @ Rs.100 each. The company called money Rs.30 on application, Rs. 40 on allotment and Rs 40 on final call.
The company received application for 55,000 shares. The board of director return over application money and allotted in full.
A shareholder holds 500 shares unpaid money of allotment and final call and forfeited after final call.
Required: Journal entries application, allotment, final call and share forfeiture.
Attempt any TWO questions
[2x10=20]You are given following transactions of Kalanki Supplier
- 1 Baishakh started business cash Rs.4,00,000 and Computer Rs. 50,000
- 2nd Baishakh, open account in Nepal Nabil Rs.1,00,000
- 5th Baishakh goods purchased on cash Rs. 50,000 and credit from Himal supplier Rs.3,00,000
- 7th Baishakh Goods sold to Bhaktapur Supplier on cash Rs.1,00,000 and on credit Rs.1,00,000
- 12th Baishakh Cash received from Bhaktapur supplier Rs. 97,000 in full settlement
- 16th Baishakh payment made Himal supplier supplies Rs. 98,000 by cheque and discount received Rs.2000
- 19th Baishakh loan taken from SBI bank Rs. 1,50,000
- 20th Baishakh, Furniture purchased at Rs.50,000 payment made by Cheque
- 22nd Baishakh, Goods purchased at Rs.2,00,000 and partial payment made by Cheque Rs.50,000
- 23rd Baishakh Commission earned Rs.20,000 partial payment received Rs.5000 only
- 24th Baishakh Goods of Rs. 10,000 lost by fire and insurance claim admitted by insurance company Rs.5000 only
- 29th Baishakh house rent paid Rs.20,000, salary 10,000 and salary payable Rs.5,000
- 30, Baishakh electricity bill Rs.3000 and telephone bill Rs.2000 payable
The following trial balance of Trading concern as on 31st Chaitra 2078.
| Particular | Debit Rs. | Credit Rs. |
|---|---|---|
| Sales | 16,00,000 | |
| Return outward | 10,000 | |
| Capital | 4,00,000 | |
| Creditors | 2,20,000 | |
| Bank loan | 50,000 | |
| Interest on investment | 15,000 | |
| Commission | 10,000 | |
| Provision for bad debts | 7,000 | |
| Opening stock | 1,00,000 | |
| Purchase | 8,05,000 | |
| Rent | 50,000 | |
| Carrying inward | 60,000 | |
| Building | 3,00,000 | |
| Wages | 1,30,000 | |
| Plant and Machinery | 3,50,000 | |
| Investment | 50,000 | |
| Furniture | 50,000 | |
| Debtors | 1,30,000 | |
| Cash | 20,000 | |
| Salary | 1,80,000 | |
| Advertisement | 30,000 | |
| Bad debts | 20,000 | |
| Interest on bank loan | 5000 | |
| Drawing | 12,000 | |
| Insurance | 20,000 | |
| Total | 23,12,000 | 23,12,000 |
Additional information:
- Value of closing stock, Rs.1,30,000
- Salary outstanding Rs.5,000
- Additional bad debts Rs. 3,000
- Provision for bad debt 5 percent of good debtors
- Depreciate, furniture 10% and plant and machinery by 15%
Define depreciation, what are the causes of depreciation? Discuss about advantages and disadvantages of depreciation.